((Okay, this is a quick trouble shooting guide for your system, it is not considering all options but the instead the most common))
First let's try getting a BIOS error.
Disconnect everything from the motherboard but leave the CPU and power connected.
Try powering on the motherboard; if the fans spin up you should hear a continual long beep. *Beeeeeeeep* -break- *Beeeeeep* -break- etc... That's a basic IBM BIOS error code for memory channel errors (usually caused by a video card not being seated properly or RAM).
If it doesn't beep, but the fans spin up then you could have a bad cpu/motherboard or your motherboard could need a BIOS update.
To check this, turn the system off, and switch off the PSU (leave the cord plugged in, this keeps the system grounded). Now find the CMOS Reset jumper, and set it to clear (this will be in the manual for the motherboard). Once it's set to clear wait 12 seconds, switch the jumper back to normal position, turn the PSU on, and try powering on the system again, if the CPU and mobo are okay and you don't need a BIOS update the system should start up and start beeping at you because you don't have any RAM in and no video card.
Okay, you do all the above steps, but it still doesn't start up (fans don't spin up and no error beeps).
Your system could be grounded. To test that do this:
Unplug the PSU and wait 12 seconds or until the LED on the motherboard turns off. Plug the PSU back in. While watching the CPU fan blades push the power button or *short the Power On header pins, see if the fan twitches at all, not even a full rotation just a slight movement. If it does then the board is likely grounded.
To fix/test this you'll need to remove the motherboard from the case. Once the motherboard is out of the case, set it on top of the motherboard box, connect the CPU (and CPU heatsink) and connect the power to the motherboard. Now *short the pins for the power on switch header on the motherboard. See if you can get the system to POST and start giving your error beeps (if it doesn't have an onboard speaker, at least see if the heatsink fan spins up, if it spins up turn the system off then connect the RAM and video card, plug-in a keyboard and monitor and try booting the system up).
You did the above steps but the fans still don't spin up. Try another power supply. If the fans spin up with the new power supply, then your PSU is either too weak to power the CPU properly or it's bad.
If you try another CPU and the same PSU and the fans spin up, then you may have a bad CPU or need a BIOS update.